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Match the texts (1-5) with the pictures (a-e). Which trends from your list in task 5 are mentioned?

a. b.
c. d.
e.

1. Nanotechnology, shortened to "nanotech", is the study of the controlling of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally nanotechnology deals with structures sized between 1 to 100 nanometer in at least one dimension, and involves developing materials or devices within that size. Nanotechnology is very diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to investigating whether we can directly control matter on the atomic scale. Nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications, such as in medicine, electronics, biomaterials and energy production.

2. Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science that aims to create it. AI textbooks define the field as "the study and design of intelligent agents" where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines." The field was founded on the claim that a central property of humans, intelligence – the sapience of Homo sapiens – can be so precisely described that it can be simulated by a machine. This raises philosophical issues about the nature of the mind and limits of scientific hubris, issues which have been addressed by myth, fiction and philosophy since antiquity. Artificial intelligence has been the subject of optimism, but has also suffered setbacks and, today, has become an essential part of the technology industry, providing the heavy lifting for many of the most difficult problems in computer science.

3. Ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) is a post-desktop model of human-computer interaction in which information processing has been thoroughly integrated into everyday objects and activities. In the course of ordinary activities, someone "using" ubiquitous computing engages many computational devices and systems simultaneously, and may not necessarily even be aware that they are doing so. This model is usually considered an advancement from the desktop paradigm. This paradigm is also described as pervasive computing, where each term emphasizes slightly different aspects. When primarily concerning the objects involved, it is also physical computing, the Internet of Things, haptic computing, and things that think.

4. Biometrics comprises methods for uniquely recognizing humans based upon one or more intrinsic physical or behavioral traits. In computer science, in particular, biometrics is used as a form of identity access management and access control.

Biometric characteristics can be divided in two main classes:



· Physiological are related to the shape of the body. Examples include, but are not limited to fingerprint, face recognition, DNA, Palm print, hand geometry, iris recognition, which has largely replaced retina, and odor/scent.

· Behavioral are related to the behavior of a person. Examples include, but are not limited to typing rhythm, gait, and voice. Some researchers have coined the term behaviometrics for this class of biometrics.

5. Smart home appliancesstarted with the VCR (Video Cassette Recording) that could be programmed to tape a television show without human intervention, and has escalated from there. The prevalence of smart home appliances, which can be programmed to do nearly anything, is such that consumers purchase and use them without a second thought. Currently, there are virtually no appliances in the home that are not available with some degree of automation. The combination of automation and programmability with artificial intelligence is the next step in the evolution of the home automation system.

 

7. Read the texts again and answer these questions:

1. Which unite of measurement is used in nanotechnology?

2. What features are analyzed by biometrics?

3. How will devices be interconnected inside the smart home?

4.What will the alarm system do if someone breaks into a smart home?

5. Which trend refers to computers embedded in everyday devices, communicating with each other over wireless networks?

 

8. Find words in the texts with the following meanings:

a) ________ noun (a machine or tool used for a specific task)

b) ________ noun (the capacity for understanding, ability to perceive and comprehend meaning)

c) ________ verb (to cause to come into existence)

d) ________ noun (deoxyribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid that is the main constituent of the chromosomes of all organisms (except some viruses))

e) ________ noun (the science of preventing, diagnosing, alleviating, or curing disease)

f) ________ verb (to be set at a disadvantage)

g) ________ adjective (produced by man, not occurring naturally)

h) ________ noun (an impression of the pattern of ridges on the palmar surface of the end joint of each finger and thumb)

i) ________ adjective (clever or bright)

Grammar Section

Времена группы Progressive

Tense Present Past Future
declar. I am writing. You (we, they) are writing. He (she, it) is writing. I (he, she, it) was writing. You (we, they) were writing. I (we) shall be writing. He (she, it, you, we, they) will be writing.
interr. Am I writing? Are you (we, they) writing? Is he (she, it) writing? Was I (he, she, it) writing? Were you (we, they) writing? Shall I (we) be writing? Will he (she, it, you, we, they) be writing?  
neg. I am not writing. You (we, they) are not writing. He is not (she, it) writing. I (he, she, it) was not writing. You (we, they) were not writing. I (we) shall not be writing. He (she, it, you, we, they) will not be writing.

 

Глаголы в формах Progressive описывают действие как процесс, как длительность — в соотнесенности с определенным моментом в прошлом, настоящем или будущем:

I am reading a book now. — Я читаю книгу (сейчас, в настоящий момент).

I was reading a book yesterday at 5 o'clock. — Я читал книгу вчера в 5 часов.

I will be reading a book tomorrow at 7 o'clock. — Я буду читать книгу завтра в 7 часов.

Помимо этой функции, глаголы в Present Progressive Tense выражают действие, отнесенное в ближайшее будущее:

We are leaving for Moscow in July. — Мы уезжаем в Москву в июле.






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