THE MAN WHO DISCOVERED THE NEW WORLD

Every event in the eventful life of Christopher Columbus is of supreme interest. "He was born in Genoa and at the age of 14 he went to sea — a red-haired, sunburnt boy with bright blue eyes. He saw foreign countries, he learnt the art of navigation, of charting the seas and drawing maps. In 1474, he left Genoa for Portugal, famous throughout the world for its recent discoveries. He wanted to learn all he could about these discoveries and made voyages to Guinea, Madeira and Porto Santa.

Columbus became a recognized seaman of distinction, but he was obsessed by a plan of reaching India sailing westward instead of the way by Africa. He proposed his idea to the King of Portu­gal and then to the King and Queen of Spain giving his reasons for thinking there was an unknown land to the west. But his scheme was laughed at and he had to wait for eleven long years till the Queen of Spain got interested in the expedition. She even declared she would sell her jewels to provide the necessary means. Columbus was created Admiral of the Ocean in all the lands he might discover. The explorer was now forty-six; his red hair had become grey with waiting for the possibility of realizing his great scheme.

On August 3rd, 1492, the little fleet of three ships sailed north from Spain.' No one ever expected to see them again. Day after day they sailed in search of an unknown land till at last on the evening of, October 11th light was seen glimmering in the distance; when the sun rose the shores of land could be seen. It was an island which later on Columbus named San Salvador.

, Columbus thought he had discovered a new way to the Indies, he never knew he had discovered a new continent. When he came to Spain he was met like a royal person. Yet his triumph did not last long. His next two voyages were full of hardships and ruined his health. Columbus died friendless and penniless on the 21st of May, 1506 and his end was unnoticed as though it had been the death of some unknown sailor. Very soon his contemporaries no longer knew even the dates of his discoveries. Another man gave the name to the new world that Columbus had found — Amerigo Vespucci, a Florentime pilot who made several voyages to the West, reaching the mainland of the yet unknown continent.

ПЛАН РАБОТЫ

По английскому языку

для студентов ОЗО биологического факультета

Специальности «Биология», «Биоэкология»

СЕМЕСТР 8 часов

Литература:

1. Murphy, R. “English Grammar in Use” / R. Murphy. – Cambridge University Press, 1997.

2. Нестерчук, Г.В. English. Read, Speak and Discuss / Г.В. Нестерчук, Н.А. Паукова. – Брест, 2005.

3. Нестерчук, Г.В. Biology-Focused Reading / Г.В. Нестерчук, Н.А. Паукова. – Брест, 2010.

4. The Wikipedia Free Encyclopedia [Electronic resource].

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ЗАДАНИЕ НА ЛЕТНЮЮ СЕССИЮ

(семестр 4)

Устные темы: “Careers in the Biological Sciences”

“Biodiversity of the United Kingdom”

“Biology”

“Botany”

“Zoology”

Самостоятельное чтение: прочитайте и устно переведите тексты “How is Biology important to you”, “From the history of Botany”, “ History of Biology”, выпишите и выучите ключевые слова, ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Составьте аннотацию текста “Flora and Fauna of Belarus”.

Контрольная работа № 2.

Перед выполнением контрольной работы № 2 следует проработать следующий грамматический материал (рекомендуемый учебник Murphy, R. “English Grammar in Use”):

1. Согласование времен, прямая и косвенная речь (Units 46, 47, 49);

2. Инфинитив, объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты (Units 53, 54);

3. Герундий (Units 52-59);

4. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты, употребление модальных глаголов с перфектным инфинитивом. (Units 26-34);

Оформление контрольной работы

1. Контрольную работу следует выполнять в отдельной тетради. На тетради должны быть написаны: фамилия, имя, отчество студента, номер зачетной книжки, номер группы, вариант.

2. Работа должна быть написана аккуратно, четким почерком, собственноручно; в тетради в клетку следует писать через строчку.

3. Оставляйте в тетради по краям страниц поля (ширина их должна быть в 1/3 страницы) для замечаний, объяснений и указаний.

Oral Topic

CAREERS IN THE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

A career in biology can be rewarding and exciting. Studying biology teaches us to ask questions, make observations, evaluate evidence, and solve problems. Biologists learn how living things work, how they interact with one another, and how they evolve. They may study cells under a microscope, insects in a rainforest, viruses that affect human beings, plants in a greenhouse, or lions in the African grasslands. Their work increases our understanding about the natural world in which we live and helps us address issues of personal well being and worldwide concern, such as environmental depletion, threats to human health, and maintaining viable and abundant food supplies.

There are several career paths you can follow as a biologist:

Research biologists study the natural world, using the latest scientific tools and techniques in both laboratory settings and the outdoors, to understand how living systems work. Many work in exotic locations around the world, and what they discover increases our understanding of biology and may be put to practical use to find solutions to specific problems.

Biologists may develop public health campaigns to defeat illnesses such as tuberculosis, AIDS, cancer, and heart disease.

Biologists in management and conservation careers are interested in solving environmental problems and preserving the natural world for future generations.

Park rangers protect state and national parks, help preserve their natural resources, and educate the general public. Zoo biologists carry out endangered species recovery programs.

Biologists may work as educators. Professors and lecturers teach introductory and advanced biology courses. They may also mentor students with projects and direct research programs. Teaching younger students requires a general knowledge of science and skill at working with different kinds of learners. Educators in science museums, zoos, aquariums, parks, and nature centers may design exhibits and educational programs, in addition to teaching special classes or leading tours and nature hikes.

I am an external student majoring in Bio-ecology at the Faculty of Biology of Brest State University. Higher education means better career prospects for me. I (don’t) consider teaching at school as a career. After the graduation from the University I want to continue working at …(I’d like to work at …(polyclinic, medical centre, prophylactic, centre, hospital, maternity hospital, medical laboratory, research laboratory, sanitary station, first-aid station) I am … (a health-officer, a nurse, a hospital nurse, a laboratory technician, a laboratory assistant, a biology teacher, a midwife)

Oral Topic