Определите верно или неверно предложение (true/ false) 1) An «icon» is graphical image that represents file and its type.
2) Second button is not used in Windows 95 because most people use 1-button mouse.
3) There are no similarities between Macintosh and Windows 95 desktop tools.
4) Windows 95 has some tools which help to communicate with other people through computer network.
5) It's no longer possible to use MS-DOS commands and run MS-DOS files.
6) Microsoft corporation is oriented to produce as many programs as needed to meet people needs and make them buy specific brand- name products.
7) New plug-n-play capability is for those who like to play computer games 24 hours a day and seven days a week.
8) A new shortcut feature is used to cut long programs very short to save disk space.
9) New Find feature helps you to locate the contents of files.
10) It must be mentioned that all new Windows features are possible only because of the low level of performance and quality.
Найдите эквиваленты в тексте.
1) Ваш компьютер вероятно будет давать меньше сбоев с Виндоуз 95, чем с более ранними версиями и даже ДОС.
2) Корпорация Майкрософт заявляет, что она делает все для того, чтобы приблизить время, когда мы все будем думать больше о наших данных, чем о конкретных «фирменных» программах, которые используются для создания этих данных.
3) Новая функция поиска позволяет обнаружить местоположение и исследовать содержимое файла в мгновение ока.
4) Большинство этих функций достигнута в ущерб производительности.
5) ДОС, каким мы его знаем, так хорошо запрятан, что вы редко думаете о его использовании.
6) В Виндоуз 95 существует инструмент Корзина, который позволяет легко восстанавливать случайно удаленные файлы.
7) Инструменты Рабочего Стола очень схожи с инструментами Макинтоша.
8) Вторая кнопка мыши стала мощным оружием.
Напишите определение.
1) windows
2) icon
3) recycle bin
4) plug-and-play capability
5) shortcut feature
Переведите абзацы2), 6), 7).
6. Напишите 10 вопросов по тексту (по 2 специальных, альтернативных, разделительных, общих и вопросы к подлежащему).
СЕМЕСТР
The History of Helicopters
The earliest references for vertical flight have come from China. Since around 400 BC, Chinese children have played with bamboo flying toys. The bamboo-copter is spun by rolling a stick attached to a rotor. The spinning creates lift, and the toy flies when released.
In 1754, Mikhail Lomonosov demonstrated a small tandem rotor to the Russian Academy of Sciences. It was powered by a spring and suggested as a method to lift meteorological instruments.
But the first real success was achieved only with the adventof the gasoline engine.
In 1906, two French brothers, Jacques and Louis Breguet, created a machine which successfully took off the ground and floated in the air for a minute. It wasn’t a real helicopter, just a construction which was tied to earth. Also it hasn’t a pilot and was uncontrolled.
The same year a French inventor Paul Cornu designed and built a Cornu helicopter that used two 6 m counter-rotating rotors Antoinette engine. On 13 November 1907, it lifted its inventor to 1 foot (0.3 m) and remained a loft for 20 seconds. It was the first controlled flight.
On 18 May 1911, B.N. Yuriev published the plan of a single-rotor helicopter whose motion was controlled by swash.
In 1922, George de Bothezat created the first sustainably controlled helicopter for the USA army.
On 18 April 1924, Pescara beat world record: flying for a distance of 736 meters.
Nicolas Florine, a Russian engineer, built the first twin tandem rotor machine to perform a free flight. Helicopter designed by Louis Breguet and Rene Doran achieved speed of 100 km/h.
Heinrich Focke at Focke-Wulf was inspired to design the world's first practical helicopter, the Focke-Wulf Fw 61, which first flew on 26 June 1936. The Fw 61 broke all of the helicopter world records in 1937.
In the years of World War II, a Russian-born engineer Igor Sikorsky and W. Lawrence LePagebuilt the XR-1, VS-300 and R-4 late.
Sikorsky's R-4 became the first large-scale mass-produced helicopter with a production order for 100 aircraft. R-4 was replaced by other Sikorsky helicopters such as the R-5 and the R-6. In all, Sikorsky would produce over 400 helicopters before the end of World War II.
In 1951 Charles Kaman modified his K-225 copter with a new kind of engine, the turbo-shaft engine. This adaptation of the turbine engine provided a large amount of power to the helicopter with a lower weight penalty than piston engines.
Прочитайте и переведите текст
2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
a) Where can helicopters be used?
b) What other milestone of rotorcraft do you know?
- Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих сочетаний:
a. спаренные винты
b. в этом же году
c. достиг скорости
d. крупномасштабное массовое производство
e. парить в воздухе
f. побил мировой рекорд
- Используйте следующие фразы и словосочетания для пересказа текста:
a. As I understood from the text...
b. According to the text...
c. According to the author...
d. As it is described in the text...
e. As it is said in the text...
f. As the author put it...
g. According to the figures (data, information, opinions) from the text...
2. KumAPE Today
Today Kumertau Aviation Production Enterprise has started producing upgraded variant of Ka-226 helicopter - Ka-226T with Arrius 2 G engines produced by a French company Turbomeca.
Along with the production of helicopters designed by Kamov company, KumAPE. JSC performs overhaul, re-equipment of helicopters Ka-32T and Ka32C into Ka-32A variant (that has Russian certificate of airworthiness), warranty and post-warranty maintenance of aircrafts, supply of spare parts, as well as
training and retraining of service and flight personnel.
Technical facilities for helicopter maintenance are growing along with the number of helicopters produced. Constant collaboration with the operator provides great possibilities and ground for carrying out various modifications of helicopters in order to improve their application properties.
It is safe to say that KumAPE, JSC is a modern high-technology enterprise, the high production quality of which has allowed it to enter the world helicopter market.
At present JSC KumAPE is a large entity with developed infrastructure, supplied with modern equipment and capable producing the latest helicopters. Helicopters manufactured at KumAPE, JSC, are in constant demand of operators due to their high tactical performance characteristics, long service life as well as reliability of the engines and multifunctional avionics equipment.
KumAPE produces helicopters of the following types:
• Ka-27 PS (search and rescue);
• Ka-29 (transport attack helicopter);
• Ka-31 (radar-surveillance);
• Ka-32A (medium class multipurpose);
• Ka-226 (light class multipurpose).
Прочитайте и переведите текст
2.Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих сочетаний:
гарантийное и после гарантийное обслуживание
современное и высокотехнологичное
поиск и спасение
многоцелевой
3. Используйте следующие фразы и словосочетания для пересказа текста:
As I understood from the text...
According to the text...
According to the author...
As it is described in the text...
As it is said in the text...
As the author put it...
According to the figures (data, information, opinions) from the text...
Helicopters
A rotorcraft or rotary wing aircraft is a heavier-than-air flying machine that uses lift generated by wings, called rotor blades, that revolve around a mast. Several rotor blades mounted on a single mast are referred to as a rotor.
A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft.
These aircraft can land in a small space, take off without running along the ground, and stay still, or hover, in the air. It depends for its support in flight on the lift generated by one or more rotors. Besides its main, or lift rotor, the helicopter usually has an auxiliary or tail rotor. This is a small rotor, mounted at the tail to counteract the torque of the main rotor. The tail rotor diverts some part of engine power and lowers the power plant efficiency. The coaxial rotor system is free from this drawback, but is not capable of high forward speed because of the drag of the widely separated rotors.
High cost of manufacture, heavy fuel consumption, restricted range and speed make the helicopter impractical for long range transportation. Even the best helicopter makes an endurance not exceeding 3 – 4 hours. The helicopter is at its best mostly on short trips – city centre to airport, for instance. Sling loading is often used because it is suitable for transportation of cumbersome loads and also because it does not require a labor force on the ground.
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